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A Level Maths · Statistics · Year 12 and 13

A Level Maths Sampling and Data Presentation revision

The first statistics topics are about collecting and describing data: sampling methods, averages and spread, diagrams and outliers, and interpreting correlation and regression. Explaining what a result means in context earns as many marks as the calculation.

  • Same content for AQA, Edexcel and OCR
  • Step-by-step mark schemes
  • 48-hour free trial, no card
What you need to know

Sampling and Data Presentation in Year 12 and Year 13

AS content is usually taught in Year 12. The full A Level adds the Year 13 content.

Year 12 (AS content)

  • Populations, samples and the census; random, systematic, stratified, quota and opportunity sampling
  • Mean, median, mode, variance and standard deviation, including from grouped data
  • Histograms, box plots, cumulative frequency and outliers
  • Scatter diagrams, correlation and the regression line: interpreting them in context
  • Your board's large data set

Year 13 (full A Level only)

  • Using these skills with the normal distribution and hypothesis tests (see those pages)

Worked examplemedium4 marks

For a set of 10 data points, $\bar{x} = 8$, $\bar{y} = 20$, $S_{xx} = 40$, and $S_{xy} = -30$. Find the equation of the regression line of $y$ on $x$ in the form $y = a + bx$.

Mark scheme and worked answer
  1. M1 for finding $b = \frac{S_{xy}}{S_{xx}} = \frac{-30}{40}$.
  2. A1 for $b = -0.75$.
  3. M1 for finding $a = \bar{y} - b\bar{x} = 20 - (-0.75)(8)$.
  4. A1 for finding $a = 26$, giving the final equation $y = 26 - 0.75x$.

Then practise: skills to practise · open sampling and data presentation practice questions.

Where it's examined

Sampling and Data Presentation on the AQA, Edexcel and OCR papers

Every board examines the same A Level Maths content, set by the Department for Education. Only the paper it appears on and the section numbering differ.

BoardSpecification referenceExamined in
AQA 7357AQA section K, LPaper 3, Section B
Edexcel 9MA0Edexcel topic Statistics 1, 2Paper 3, Section A
OCR A H240OCR reference 2.01, 2.02Paper 2, statistics section
Practice questions

A Level Maths sampling and data presentation exam-style questions

Three examples from the question bank. Every question comes with a step-by-step mark scheme (M, A and B marks) once you start practising.

Question 1easy3 marks

The data set $\{4, 7, x, 11, 15\}$ has a mean of $9$. Find the exact value of $x$.

Mark scheme: in the 48-hour free trial.

Question 2medium2 marks

A researcher finds a strong positive correlation between the number of ice creams sold and the number of shark attacks at a beach. Explain why this does not mean that eating ice cream causes shark attacks.

Mark scheme: in the 48-hour free trial.

Question 3hard4 marks

In a histogram representing continuous data, the bar for the class $20 \le t < 30$ has a frequency of 15 and is represented by an area of 30 square units. Another class $30 \le t < 50$ has a frequency of 40. Find the area of the bar representing this second class.

Mark scheme: in the 48-hour free trial.

Questions are original and written in the style of Edexcel 9MA0, and cover content that AQA and OCR examine too. They are not past-paper questions.

In the practice engine

Skills you can practise

These skills sit in the Statistics unit of the UK A Level practice engine. Pick any mix of them, set the difficulty, and check each answer against its mark scheme.

Populations, samples & censusSimple random samplingSystematic, stratified, quota & opportunity samplingMeasures of central tendency (mean, median, mode)Measures of spread (range, IQR, variance, sd)Coding dataHistograms & frequency densityBox plots & outliersCumulative frequencyScatter diagrams & correlationLinear regression & interpretation

Open Statistics practice

Past papers

Past paper questions on sampling and data

Sampling and data can come up on these papers (from each board's paper structure). We haven't mapped individual questions yet, so open a recent paper and look for it.

BoardRecent papers that can test it
Edexcel 9MA0Paper 3: June 2024, June 2023, June 2022
AQA 7357Paper 3: June 2023, June 2022, November 2021
OCR H240Paper 2: June 2024, June 2023, June 2022

Papers are © the exam boards; each page links to the official question paper and mark scheme. All A Level Maths past papers →

Sampling and Data Presentation: common questions

Is sampling and data presentation on the AQA, Edexcel and OCR A Level Maths exams?

Yes. Sampling and Data Presentation is part of the A Level Maths content that every board examines: AQA section K, L, Edexcel Statistics 1, 2, OCR 2.01, 2.02. It is assessed in AQA Paper 3, Section B; Edexcel Paper 3, Section A; OCR A Paper 2, statistics section.

Is sampling and data presentation Year 12 or Year 13 content?

Both. The AS content, usually taught in Year 12, is: Populations, samples and the census; random, systematic, stratified, quota and opportunity sampling; Mean, median, mode, variance and standard deviation, including from grouped data; Histograms, box plots, cumulative frequency and outliers; Scatter diagrams, correlation and the regression line: interpreting them in context; Your board's large data set. The full A Level adds: Using these skills with the normal distribution and hypothesis tests (see those pages).

Do I need to calculate the product moment correlation coefficient by hand?

No. In A Level Maths you use your calculator for it and interpret the value in context. Calculating it from summary statistics is not required.

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