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A Level Maths · Mechanics · Year 12 and 13

A Level Maths Forces and Newton's Laws revision

Forces and Newton's laws is the heart of the mechanics section. A clear force diagram is worth drawing even when the question does not ask for one: it is where most method marks start.

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Start with one question on forces and Newton's second law. Stuck? Take a hint. No sign-in needed.

A particle slides down a smooth plane inclined at \(30^\circ\) to the horizontal. Taking \(g = 9.8\) m s\(^{-2}\), find its acceleration.
Choose your answer · keys 1–4
What you need to know

Forces and Newton's Laws in Year 12 and Year 13

AS content is usually taught in Year 12. The full A Level adds the Year 13 content. Sitting AS exams or mocks? See the AS Level Maths checklist.

Year 12 (AS content)

  • Force diagrams, weight, tension, thrust and normal reaction
  • Newton's first, second and third laws in one dimension
  • Connected particles, including pulleys

Year 13 (full A Level only)

  • Resolving forces in two dimensions and on inclined planes
  • Friction, the coefficient of friction and limiting equilibrium
  • Equilibrium of a particle under several forces

Worked examplemedium5 marks

A block of mass $5\text{ kg}$ is pulled along a horizontal surface by a horizontal force of $30\text{ N}$. The coefficient of friction is $\mu = 0.4$. Find the acceleration of the block. Take $g = 9.8\text{ m s}^{-2}$.

Mark scheme and worked answer
$R = mg = 49\text{ N}$   M1. Friction: $F = \mu R = 19.6\text{ N}$   A1. Net force: $30 - 19.6 = 10.4\text{ N}$   M1. $a = \tfrac{10.4}{5} = 2.08\text{ m s}^{-2}$   A1 A1.

Then practise: skills to practise · open forces and Newton's laws practice questions.

Where it's examined

Forces and Newton's Laws on the AQA, Edexcel and OCR papers

Every board examines the same A Level Maths content, set by the Department for Education. Only the paper it appears on and the section numbering differ.

BoardSpecification referenceExamined in
AQA 7357AQA section RPaper 2
Edexcel 9MA0Edexcel topic Mechanics 8Paper 3, Section B
OCR A H240OCR reference 3.03Paper 3, mechanics section

Examiner Insights: what the AQA, Edexcel and OCR examiner reports say students get wrong, board by board →

Practice questions

A Level Maths forces and Newton's laws exam-style questions

Three examples from the question bank, one with its full mark scheme open. Every question comes with a step-by-step mark scheme (M, A and B marks) once you start practising.

Question 1easy3 marks

A car of mass $1200\text{ kg}$ experiences a driving force of $3600\text{ N}$ and resistance $600\text{ N}$. Find its acceleration.

Mark scheme: in the 7-day free trial.

Question 2medium3 marks

An ice skater of mass $60 \text{ kg}$ decelerates uniformly from $8 \text{ m s}^{-1}$ to rest in $4$ seconds. Find the magnitude of the constant resistive force acting on the skater.

Full worked solution Free, no sign-in

  1. M1 for finding the acceleration: $a = \frac{v-u}{t} = \frac{0-8}{4} = -2 \text{ m s}^{-2}$.
  2. M1 for applying $F = ma$: $F = 60 \times 2$.
  3. A1 for stating the magnitude of the force is $120 \text{ N}$.

Every question here has a full worked solution. See them all →

Question 3hard4 marks

Two forces of magnitudes $10 \text{ N}$ and $F \text{ N}$ act on a particle in equilibrium with a third force $R \text{ N}$. The angle between the $10 \text{ N}$ force and the $F \text{ N}$ force is $120^{\circ}$. Given that $F$ can vary, find the minimum possible magnitude of $R$.

Mark scheme: in the 7-day free trial.

Questions are original and written in the style of Edexcel 9MA0, and cover content that AQA and OCR examine too. They are not past-paper questions.

Revision notes: Forces and Newton's laws · Connected particles and pulleys · Resolving forces, equilibrium and inclined planes · Friction

In the practice engine

Skills you can practise

These skills sit in the Mechanics unit of the UK A Level practice engine. Pick any mix of them, set the difficulty, and check each answer against its mark scheme.

Force diagrams & resultant forcesNewton's laws of motionConnected particles (strings & pulleys)Friction & the coefficient of frictionMotion on inclined planesResolving forces in 2D

Open Mechanics practice

Past papers

Past paper questions on forces and newton's laws

Forces and Newton's laws can come up on these papers (from each board's paper structure). We haven't mapped individual questions yet, so open a recent paper and look for it.

BoardRecent papers that can test it
Edexcel 9MA0Paper 3: June 2025, June 2024, June 2023
AQA 7357Paper 2: June 2025, June 2024, June 2023
OCR H240Paper 3: June 2025, June 2024, June 2023

Papers are © the exam boards; each page links to the official question paper and mark scheme. All A Level Maths past papers →

Forces and Newton's Laws: common questions

Is forces and Newton's laws on the AQA, Edexcel and OCR A Level Maths exams?

Yes. Forces and Newton's Laws is part of the A Level Maths content that every board examines: AQA section R, Edexcel Mechanics 8, OCR 3.03. It is assessed in AQA Paper 2; Edexcel Paper 3, Section B; OCR A Paper 3, mechanics section.

Is forces and Newton's laws Year 12 or Year 13 content?

Both. The AS content, usually taught in Year 12, is: Force diagrams, weight, tension, thrust and normal reaction; Newton's first, second and third laws in one dimension; Connected particles, including pulleys. The full A Level adds: Resolving forces in two dimensions and on inclined planes; Friction, the coefficient of friction and limiting equilibrium; Equilibrium of a particle under several forces.

What goes on a good force diagram?

Every force acting on the object, drawn from the object with its direction: weight mg, normal reaction, tension or thrust, friction opposing the motion, and any applied force. Label each one, then resolve.

Your forces and Newton's laws revision kit

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